ABSTRACT
We report an uncommon case of late infective endocarditis, in a patient
with a history of intravenous drug abuse and HIV positivity, 9 years
after a percutaneous closure of a patent foramen ovale.
Despite a target and prolonged intravenous antibiotic therapy, he was
then referred for surgical device and vegetation removal.
Given the high risk associated with drug addiction lifestyle, especially
in HIV positive cases, it is mandatory to observe this group of patients
with lifelong follow-up and support. Furthermore, it may be considered a
multidisciplinary-team approach to find the best option for these
patients, also evaluating a surgical correction.