Methods
To answer the research question, the authors have distributed an online survey to all students enrolled in the online programs at a Midwestern university during the fall semester of 2018. The survey instrument was based on an updated version of TOOLS, which is Test of Online Learning Success (Kerr, Rynearson, & Kerr, 2006). Participants in this survey included both current and former students at the graduate and undergraduate levels who have enrolled in at least one online course between 2015 and 2018. The survey was distributed by email on via Qualtrics once approval from the office of institutional review board was granted. Of the total 4,015 possible participants who were contacted to complete the survey, 250 responses were recorded, thus providing a response rate of 6.23 %. Response data was initially analyzed using Qualtrics and SPSS to produce the findings discussed in this study.