Descriptive clinical characteristics of the participants
The baseline clinical characteristics of the 114 patients enrolled in
this studyare presented in Table 1. The REF and PEF groups showed no
significant differences in terms of sex, age, the prevalence of
hypertension and diabetes mellitus, a history of myocardial infarction
(MI), and the presence of CAD (Table 1). Baseline laboratory,
haemodynamic, and echocardiographic data for all patients are presented
in Table 1. There were no significant differences in laboratory and
haemodynamic data, including LVEDP, between the REF and PEF groups.
However, EF during the index admission was 37.8% ± 9.2% in the REF
group and 60.9% ± 5.2% in the PEF group, with a significant difference
between groups (p<0.01). With regard to echocardiographic
parameters of diastolic function,EF, E/e’, and E/Vp (p<0.01
for all) were significantly worse in the REF group than in the PEF
group, whereas the left atrial volume index (LAVI)showed no significant
difference between groups (Table 1). With regard to the baseline
clinical characteristics of patients in the two LVEDP subgroups in the
PEF group, no significant differences were observed in terms of sex,
age, the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, a history of
MI, and the presence of CAD (Table 2). Baseline laboratory,
haemodynamic, and echocardiographic data for the LVEDP > 15
mmHg and LVEDP ≤ 15 mmHg subgroups are shown in Table 2. LAVI, E/e,’ and
E/Vp were significantly worse in the former group than in the latter
group (p<0.01 for all).