History
Over the past sixty years, many studies have suggested that a
significant portion of drug response variability is determined by
genetics, along with diet, health status, exposure to the environment,
and concurrent treatment [3].
Drug treatment must be tailored to individual needs with a relatively
predictable outcome across a variety of geographically and ethnically
diverse populations. Starting in the early 1950s, these findings of
highly variable drug reactions led to a new scientific discipline called
pharmacogenomics, which combines genetics, biochemistry, and
pharmacology [4].
The field of pharmacogenomics was the result of molecular medicine
advances, aiming to understand the molecular mechanisms behind drug
response. Personalized medicine is the name given to this application of
research.
Personalized medicine has yet to be fully understood by the average
patient, but it will eventually affect the entire health care system.
Personalized medicine has come a long way since the human genome was
mapped in 2003, especially in terms of discovery and product creation.
Preventive, organized, and validated personalized medicine is a system
for effective and efficient health care. In order to make the best care
decisions possible, patients and doctors need access to a network of
electronic health records that connects both clinical and molecular
data. Personalized medicine compensates for genetic susceptibilities by
integrating lifestyle choices and health maintenance.