3.2.Relationship between histopathological data and tumor stage:
The relationship between LVI, PNI, necrosis and tumor stages was
evaluated by chi-square analysis, and the data are summarized in Table
2. LVI was present in respective number of cases in stage 1 (n=1:
4.5%), stage 3 (n= 2 :9.1%) , stage 4A (n= 14 :40%), and stage 4B
(n=8 :53.3%). LVI was not observed in stage 2 cases. A statistically
significant correlation was found between advanced stage and the
presence of LVI (p<0.001). PNI was observed in indicated
number of cases in stage 2 (n=1: 16.7%), stage 3 (n=6: 27.3%), stage
4A (n=11: 31.4%), and stage 4B (n=4: 26.7%). PNI was not observed in
stage 1 cases. A statistically significant relationship was found
between advanced stage and the presence of PNI (p = 0.024). Tumor
necrosis was detected in respective number of LSCC cases in stage 1
(n=3: 13.6%), stage 2 (n=1: 16.7%), stage 3 (n=4 :18.2%), stage 4A
(n=16 :45.7%), and stage 4B (n=6: 40%). A statistically significant
relationship was found between advanced stage and the presence of tumor
necrosis (p=0.047).