Safety outcomes
Table 3 shows procedure-related complications. During the 30-day period following CBA, none of the enrolled patients had stroke, TIA, or SE events. Any bleeding events occurred in 6 patients; 5 in the ACT group and 1 in the No-ACT group, but there was no significant difference between two groups. In the ACT group, groin hematoma developed in 3 patients, and laryngopharyngeal bleeding and hemoptysis was developed in each 1 patient. In the No-ACT group, cardiac tamponade requiring urgent pericardial drainage, developed in 1 patient during linear ablation at the cavo-tricuspid isthmus. None of the enrolled patients developed fatal complications. Table 4 shows bleeding events in patients with or without an additional administration of heparin. Any bleeding event rate was higher in patients with an additional heparin injection (9.7%) compared to those without (1.9%), but there was no statistical difference between the groups (p=0.056).