1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy
Six whole peanuts of each condition were placed in 10 mL of double distilled water and soaked at room temperature for 48 hours. Three samples per condition of the resulting solutions (1 mL each) were evaporated under vacuum at 45°C for 1.5 hours and the resulting residue was reconstituted in 0.6 mL of double distilled water. The three samples were combined together to give a total volume of 1.8 mL, 450 μL of which was collected for analysis.
1H NMR spectra were run on a Bruker 400 MHz NMR spectrometer for analysis using the water suppression pulse sequence, zgpr (Bruker standard sequence; Bruker, MA, USA). Thirty-two scans were taken with an acquisition time of 3 s and a spectral width of 12 kHz. The 1H chemical shifts were internally referenced by adding 0.5 mM of deuterated 3-(trimethylsilyl)propionic-2,2,3,3,-d4 acid sodium salt (TSP-d 4; Sigma-Aldrich, ON, Canada) set to 0.0 ppm.