CXCL10, CXCL11 and CCL18 levels associate with asthma and
sensitisation
As the investigated chemokines have previously been related to allergy
development, we performed cross-sectional analyses in relation to
outcomes of asthma (Figures 2 and S2) and sensitisation (Figures 3 and
S3) in childhood and adolescence.
Asthma: CXCL10 levels were significantly increased at age 1 year
in children with asthma at the same age (Figure 2A). Furthermore,
children with asthma at ages 8 and 11 years exhibited elevated CXCL10
levels at age 8 (Figure 2B, Figure S2A). In contrast, CXCL11 was
significantly decreased in cord blood of children having asthma at age
16 (Figure S2B). For CCL18, higher levels at age 8 associated with
asthma at ages 8 and 16 years (Figure 2C-D).
Sensitisation: CXCL10 levels in cord blood were significantly
lower than in non-sensitised children at ages 1 and 16 years (Figure
3A-B). Similarly, CXCL11 levels at 1 year and at birth were
significantly elevated in non-sensitised children at 1 and 16 years of
age, respectively (Figure S3A-B). Children who were sensitised at ages
1, 8, 11 and 16 years consistently displayed significantly elevated
concentrations of CCL18 at 1 and/or 8 years compared to non-sensitised
children (Figure 3C-E, Figure S3C). Increased levels of the
Th2-associated chemokine CCL17 at birth associated with sensitisation at
age 8 (Figure S3D).