Endobronchial mucoepidermoid tumors are rare neoplasms but most cases
are reported in children. Due to nonspecific symptoms, diagnosis can be
challenging, but early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for
prognosis. We present the case of a boy, with chronic respiratory
insufficiency due to bronchiolitis obliterans, that presented worsening
exertional dyspnea at 12 years. Spirometry showed a frank deterioration
of respiratory function and CT scan revealed an obstructive polypoid
mass in the intermediate bronchus. Given the severe basal ventilatory
compromise and risk associated with surgical treatment, rigid
bronchoscopy and laser excision, and photocoagulation were performed,
with clinical and functional improvement. The histological examination
revealed a low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The option for a
minimally invasive procedure requires careful follow-up due to the risk
of tumor recurrence.