WenHui Qi1 2, Huanrong Li1 2, Chen Wang1 2, Huiyang Li1 2, Bingbing Zhang1 2, Mengting Dong1 2, Aiping Fan1 2, Cha Han1 2*, FengXia Xue1 2*
1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
2Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenic, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
* Correspondence:
Cha Han, tjhancha@163.com
Fengxia Xue, fengxiaxue1962@gmail.com
Postal address: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,
Tianjin Medical University General Hospital,
No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, P.R. China.
Post number: 300052
Tel : +86-22-60363769
Fax number : +86-22-27813550
Running Title:Mixed Vaginitis Clinical Recommendations
Abstract:Mixed vaginitis is caused by the simultaneous presence of at least two vaginal pathogens, contributing to an abnormal vaginal milieu and leading to vaginal symptoms and signs. However, associations between symptoms and microbes have not been clearly elucidated. Therefore, mixed vaginitis is an inflammatory condition that remains underrecognized. Mixed vaginitis generally involves the formation of mixed biofilms. The specific characteristics of mixed biofilms, especially their enhanced drug resistance and their ability to evade components of the host immune response, make them of high clinical importance. This review summarizes the relevant clinical data to improve clinical knowledge about mixed vaginitis.
Key words: Mixed Vaginitis, Candida, Bacterial vaginosis, Trichomoniasis, Aerobic vaginitis, Mixed biofilms