Restraint stress
The animals were placed in a PVC tube (15 cm long and 6.5 cm in
diameter, with 1 cm holes for ventilation that made up approximately
20% of the tube surface). The restraint session lasted 30 min. After
the end of the restraint session, the rats were returned to their home
cages. Each animal was subjected to only one restraint session to avoid
habituation (Benini, Oliveira, Gomes-de-Souza, & Crestani, 2019;
Benini, Oliveira, Gomes-de-Souza, Rodrigues, & Crestani, 2020).