Study design
The INSIDE PVs study (INtra-procedural ultraSound Imaging for
DEtermination of atrial wall thickness and acute tissue changes after
isolation of the Pulmonary Veins with radiofrequency, cryoballoon or
laser balloon energy) was a single-center prospective pilot study. The
trial was approved by the Local Ethics Committee, complied with the
Declaration of Helsinki and was registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov
(Identifier NCT03372798).
Patients scheduled for RF, cryoballoon or laser balloon PVI catheter
ablation for symptomatic, drug-refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
(AF) were eligible for the trial. All AF ablations were performed in a
standard fashion, as described in the supplementary section.