Patient selection
Patients between the ages 18-80 undergoing first time catheter ablation
for either paroxysmal (n=5) or persistent (n=17) AF were recruited
following appropriate ethical approval
(REC reference 18/SC/0409,
clinicaltrials.gov NCT03812601). Exclusion criteria included prior
cardiac surgery, congenital cardiac abnormalities and severe valvular
heart disease.