Acid value (AV)
The oil samples (10 g) dissolved in 50 ml of previously neutralized chloroform-ethanol (50:50 v/v) were titrated with a solution of 0.1 N KOH in ethanol as the standard reagent to a phenolphthalein endpoint. AV was the mg of KOH consumed to neutralize the free fatty acids present in 1 g of oil (AOCS Official Method Cd 3d-63, 1993).