Statistical analyses
The characteristics of the mothers and their children were summarized
according to the delivery mode. A chi-squared test was used to compare
categorical variables. Multiple logistic regression was performed to
determine the risks of asthma, atopic dermatitis, wheezing, and eczema
associated with cesarean delivery by calculating the odds ratios (ORs),
which were adjusted for the aforementioned confounders, and 95%
confidence intervals (CIs). We initially adjusted for perinatal and
socioeconomic factors. We then adjusted for perinatal, socioeconomic,
and postnatal factors. Finally, we estimated the association between
elective and emergency cesarean delivery (vs. vaginal delivery) and the
risks of asthma, atopic dermatitis, wheezing, and eczema. Statistical
analyses were performed using Stata, version 15.0 (Stata Corporation
LLC, College Station, TX, USA). P -values < 0.05 were
considered statistically significant.