Nanoparticles Model of study Targeted protein/signaling Observed anti-aging effect Refrance
Fullerene C60 HeLa; MEF; MCF-7 Atg5 Autophagy-mediated chemosensitization in cancer cells (Zhang et al., 2009)
Single-walled carbon nanotubes Primary glia from CRND8 AD murine mTOR-S6K Autophagy induction and lysosomal activation (H. Liu et al., 2011)
Graphene oxide HeLa; GFP-Htt(Q74)/PC12 PtdIns3K and MEK/ERK1/2 Activation of autophagy and elimination of ubiquitinated mutant Huntington protein (Jin et al., 2016)
Silver nanoparticles Primary MEF; Hela PtdIns3K Autophagy induction, inhibition of autophagy enhances the anti-cancer activity of silver nanoparticles (J. Lin et al., 2014)
Iron oxide A549; IMR-90 Akt-AMPK-mTOR Selective induction of autophagy and killing the cancer cells (Akhtar et al., 2012)
Bismuth nanoparticles HEK293 AMPK/mTOR Autophagy induction (Y. Liu et al., 2018)