References
1. Kuck KH, Brugada J, Fürnkranz A, Metzner A, Ouyang F, Chun KR, Elvan A, Arentz T, Bestehorn K, Pocock SJ, Albenque JP, Tondo C: Cryoballoon or Radiofrequency Ablation for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2016;374:2235-2245.
2. Packer DL, Mark DB, Robb RA, Monahan KH, Bahnson TD, Poole JE, Noseworthy PA, Rosenberg YD, Jeffries N, Mitchell LB, Flaker GC, Pokushalov E, Romanov A, Bunch TJ, Noelker G, Ardashev A, Revishvili A, Wilber DJ, Cappato R, Kuck KH, Hindricks G, Davies DW, Kowey PR, Naccarelli GV, Reiffel JA, Piccini JP, Silverstein AP, Al-Khalidi HR, Lee KL: Effect of Catheter Ablation vs Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy on Mortality, Stroke, Bleeding, and Cardiac Arrest Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The CABANA Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2019;321:1261-1274.
3. Calkins H, Hindricks G, Cappato R, Kim YH, Saad EB, Aguinaga L, Akar JG, Badhwar V, Brugada J, Camm J, Chen PS, Chen SA, Chung MK, Nielsen JC, Curtis AB, Davies DW, Day JD, d’Avila A, de Groot N, Di Biase L, Duytschaever M, Edgerton JR, Ellenbogen KA, Ellinor PT, Ernst S, Fenelon G, Gerstenfeld EP, Haines DE, Haissaguerre M, Helm RH, Hylek E, Jackman WM, Jalife J, Kalman JM, Kautzner J, Kottkamp H, Kuck KH, Kumagai K, Lee R, Lewalter T, Lindsay BD, Macle L, Mansour M, Marchlinski FE, Michaud GF, Nakagawa H, Natale A, Nattel S, Okumura K, Packer D, Pokushalov E, Reynolds MR, Sanders P, Scanavacca M, Schilling R, Tondo C, Tsao HM, Verma A, Wilber DJ, Yamane T: 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 2017;14:e275-e444.
4. Andrade JG, Deyell MW, Verma A, Macle L, Champagne J, Leong-Sit P, Novak P, Badra-Verdu M, Sapp J, Khairy P, Nattel S: Association of Atrial Fibrillation Episode Duration With Arrhythmia Recurrence Following Ablation: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA network open 2020;3:e208748.
5. Yanagisawa S, Inden Y, Fujii A, Sakamoto Y, Tomomatsu T, Mamiya K, Okamoto H, Shibata R, Murohara T: Prothrombotic Responses After Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation During Uninterrupted Oral Anticoagulant Agent Administration. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2019;5:1418-1427.
6. Group JCSJW: Guidelines for Pharmacotherapy of Atrial Fibrillation (JCS 2013). Circ J 2014;78:1997-2021.
7. Yanagisawa S, Inden Y, Ohguchi S, Nagao T, Fujii A, Tomomatsu T, Mamiya K, Okamoto H, Sakamoto Y, Shibata R, Murohara T: Periprocedural Management of Cardiac Tamponade During Catheter Ablation for AF Under Uninterrupted DOAC and Warfarin. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2020;6:786-795.
8. Fatkin D, Kelly RP, Feneley MP: Relations between left atrial appendage blood flow velocity, spontaneous echocardiographic contrast and thromboembolic risk in vivo. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994;23:961-969.
9. Romero J, Husain SA, Kelesidis I, Sanz J, Medina HM, Garcia MJ: Detection of left atrial appendage thrombus by cardiac computed tomography in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2013;6:185-194.
10. Puwanant S, Varr BC, Shrestha K, Hussain SK, Tang WH, Gabriel RS, Wazni OM, Bhargava M, Saliba WI, Thomas JD, Lindsay BD, Klein AL: Role of the CHADS2 score in the evaluation of thromboembolic risk in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing transesophageal echocardiography before pulmonary vein isolation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009;54:2032-2039.
11. Wyrembak J, Campbell KB, Steinberg BA, Bahnson TD, Daubert JP, Velazquez EJ, Samad Z, Atwater BD: Incidence and Predictors of Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus in Patients Treated With Nonvitamin K Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin Before Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2017;119:1017-1022.
12. Göldi T, Krisai P, Knecht S, Aeschbacher S, Spies F, Zeljkovic I, Kaufmann BA, Schaer B, Conen D, Reichlin T, Osswald S, Sticherling C, Kühne M: Prevalence and Management of Atrial Thrombi in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Before Pulmonary Vein Isolation. JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology 2019;5:1406-1414.
13. Smith SA, Binkley PF, Foraker RE, Nagaraja HN, Orsinelli DA: The role of repeat transesophageal echocardiography in patients without atrial thrombus prior to cardioversion or ablation. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2012;25:1106-1112.
14. Shen X, Li H, Rovang K, Hee T, Holmberg MJ, Mooss AN, Mohiuddin SM: Transesophageal echocardiography before cardioversion of recurrent atrial fibrillation: does absence of previous atrial thrombi preclude the need of a repeat test? Am Heart J 2003;146:741-745.
15. Patel K, Natale A, Yang R, Trivedi C, Romero J, Briceno D, Mohanty S, Alviz I, Natale V, Sanchez J, Della Rocca DG, Tarantino N, Zhang XD, Mohanty P, Horton R, Burkhardt D, Gopinathannair R, Joseph Gallinghouse G, Lakkireddy D, Di Biase L: Is transesophageal echocardiography necessary in patients undergoing ablation of atrial fibrillation on an uninterrupted direct oral anticoagulant regimen? Results from a prospective multicenter registry. Heart Rhythm 2020;17:2093-2099.
16. Di Biase L, Briceno DF, Trivedi C, Mohanty S, Gianni C, Burkhardt JD, Mohanty P, Bai R, Gunda S, Horton R, Bailey S, Sanchez JE, Al-Ahmad A, Hranitzky P, Gallinghouse GJ, Reddy YM, Zagrodzky J, Hongo R, Beheiry S, Lakkireddy D, Natale A: Is transesophageal echocardiogram mandatory in patients undergoing ablation of atrial fibrillation with uninterrupted novel oral anticoagulants? Results from a prospective multicenter registry. Heart Rhythm 2016;13:1197-1202.
17. Diab M, Wazni OM, Saliba WI, Tarakji KG, Ballout JA, Hutt E, Rickard J, Baranowski B, Tchou P, Bhargava M, Chung M, Varma N, Martin DO, Dresing T, Callahan T, Cantillon D, Kanj M, Hussein AA: Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation Without Left Atrial Appendage Imaging in Patients Treated With Direct Oral Anticoagulants. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2020;13:e008301.
18. Anter E, Silverstein J, Tschabrunn CM, Shvilkin A, Haffajee CI, Zimetbaum PJ, Buxton AE, Josephson ME, Gelfand E, Manning WJ: Comparison of intracardiac echocardiography and transesophageal echocardiography for imaging of the right and left atrial appendages. Heart Rhythm 2014;11:1890-1897.
19. Milhem A, Ingrand P, Tréguer F, Cesari O, Costa AD, Pavin D, Rivat P, Badenco N, Abbey S, Zannad N, Winum PF, Mansourati J, Maury P, Bader H, Savouré A, Sacher F, Andronache M, Allix-Béguec C, Chillou CD, Anselme F: Exclusion of Intra-Atrial Thrombus Diagnosis Using D-Dimer Assay Before Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology 2019;5:223-230.