Teaching and competency
A successful meta-decision is the basis for a transparent decision-making process and creates the decision-making rules—essential for effective discussions and improvement. Additionally, outcomes are easily tracked to decision processes and why they were made. Decision-makers should be aware of the logic and reasoning, rather than intuition and personal bias, during decision-making, as well as how the decision would affect their work outcome. Most importantly, a structured process would ensure learning and make potential future updates and improvements easier. The evidence of effectiveness is gathered to guide practice and obtain best results and appraise failed decisions to reduce harm and improve quality.43 Individuals may be inclined to admit or notice fewer failures than those occurring, and ignoring or concealing failure obscures information essential to learning. 40
Although artificial intelligence can eliminate cognitive and political biases, to date, it cannot replicate good cognitive processes to ensure the best development and rationalization during decision-making. Implications would be a model involving reasoning and rationality based on a study of these processes that would provide decision-making support to users who may lack the necessary skills and on certain occasions. This needs to be included in the curricula of medical graduate schools as competency for practicing healthcare professionals.