3.1 | Patient characteristics
We attempted VOM-EI in 22 patients (14 male [64%]) with a median age 71 years (IQR 55-74). Patient characteristics and details of previous ablation procedures are summarised in Table 1. In four patients (22%), radiofrequency ablation of the mitral isthmus had been attempted in a previous procedure and was not successful. Four patients had no previous left atrial ablation procedures.