Species richness and Diversity

Kettle hole-specific temporal dynamics of species richness (S) over all eight sampling campaigns of 2019 did not follow a clear common trend, neither for permanent nor for ephemeral kettle holes (figure 6 ). GLMMs revealed that species richness (S) was related to kettle hole type and pH (table S2, table S3 ), with a generally higher species richness at intermediate pH (figure 7) and in permanent rather than in ephemeral kettle holes (figure S5 ). This trend was also observed for the Shannon (H’) and Simpson Index (D1), but not yield statistical significance in a Wilcoxon test (figure S5 ). The GLMM based on Shannon Index (H’) reveals this diversity measure to be dependent on the kettle hole location (table S4, table S5 ).