Definition of Biliary Complications
Physical examination findings, biochemical parameters, ultrasonography
(US), multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), magnetic resonance
cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and ERCP were used to identify and
classify biliary complications following LDH. All of the components
listed below are regarded as postoperative biliary complications: (i)
radiologic diagnosis of fluid collection suggesting perihepatic bilioma
in LLDs with cholangitis or abscess formation with abdominal pain,
fever, chills or rarely, bilioma incidentally detected in LLDs without
clinical findings (ii) prolonged biliary fluid drainage from surgically
inserted drainage tube more than 5 days after the LDH, (iii) prolonged
postoperative elevations in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP),
gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and bilirubin levels, or a new onset
postoperative elevation of the afore mentioned tests (iv) diagnosis of
biliary peritonitis with acute abdominal findings.