What’s known • Few epidemiologic studies have incorporated multi-di-mensional risk factors for GBS colonisation in pregnant women to make factors more clear. • In Cameroon, there is no universal prenatal screening for vaginal GBS colonisation in pregnant women, and so far the potential factors associated with GBS colonisation in pregnant women have not been studied. What’s new • This study builds on previous literature to differentiate factors in demographic characteristics, obstetric factors, pregnancy history, medication history and disease history to make exposure more accurate. • We found that induce abortion, spontaneaous abortions, stillborn, were associated with higher rates of GBS colonisation, but fever and anemia were associated with lower rates of colonisation, which provides implications for primary care.