3.1 Flower opening time
Flowering pattern observation was conducted in
Joetsu, Ishigaki, Nay Pyi Taw, Los
Baños, and Subang under the condition that there was great variation in
average daily maximum temperature during heading (Table 1; Table S2). In
Joetsu, Ishigaki, Los Baños, and Subang, FOT50 was significantly earlier
in IR64+qEMF3 than IR64 in each of the tested sites, ranging from
1.9 h to 3.5 h in IR64+qEMF3 and 3.7 h to 4.6 h in IR64 on the
basis of time after dawn (Table 2). FOT90 was also significantly earlier
in IR64+qEMF3 than in IR64, ranging from 2.5 h to 4.0 h in
IR64+qEMF3 and 4.2 h to 5.0 h in IR64 (Table 2). The genotype
difference in the average of FOT50 and of FOT90 across locations was
–1.5 h and –1.2 h, respectively (Table 2). In Nay Pyi Taw, flowering
pattern observation conducted under a wide range of average daily
maximum temperatures for seven crop seasons also showed significantly
earlier FOT in IR64+qEMF3 than IR64 (Table S2).