Conclusion
In the experimental cholesteatoma model created in rats, no statistical significance was observed, indicating that Mesna, which was applied intratympanically, completely prevented the formation of cholesteatoma. However, it was found that the prevalence of cholesteatoma formation was microscopically less in the experimental group.
Keywords: Mesna, cholesteatoma, fibrosis, otitis media, intratympanic
What’s known?
Mesna is a synthetic sulfur compound that carries a thiol group. It breaks the disulfide bonds in a polypeptide chain with mucolysis
The matrix of the cholesteatoma or squamous epithelial is made of keratin. Keratin is a protein that has disulfide bonds.
What’s new?
Mesna can be used to treatment of cholesteatoma due to its mucolysis property.
Backgraund
Various studies have been published on the development of otitis media and cholesteatoma after the intratympanic application of chemicals on laboratory animals.1-3 In the 1980’s, it has been seen that the eye and ear drop called Cortisporin caused inflammatory changes and the formation of cholesteatoma in the middle ear.4It was shown that this effect of Cortisporin was due to the %10 propylene glycol used as a solvent. 4 In the following years propylene glycol has been used in experimental studies in the development of otitis media and cholesteatoma because of its inflammatory property for the ear.5-7 Sodium 2 - mercaptoethanesulfonate (C2 H 5 NaO 3S 2, Mesna ) is a synthetic sulfur compound that carries a thiol group. It breaks the disulfide bonds in a polypeptide chain with mucolysis. The matrix of the cholesteatoma or squamous epithelial is made of keratin. Keratin is a protein that has disulfide bonds. Mesna can be used to ease the dissection of the tissue layers in the surgery of cholesteatoma due to its mucolysis property.8 In the studies conducted, it has been reported that Mesna has no side effects or hazard on hearing subsequent to being applied to the middle ear cavity.9-10 For this reason we planned to investigate the effect of Mesna on the cholesteatoma and otitis media created in the middle ear cavity of experimental animals by propylene glycol. We aimed to show the presence of keratinized epithelium in the middle ear, the inflammatory changes in the middle ear mucosa and the changes in the morphology of the tympanic membrane through histopathological evaluation.
Methods
The study was conducted in line with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals issued by the National Institutes of Health, Commission on Life Sciences, and National Research Council.11 The study protocol was approved by the ethical committee of our institution (document no. 2013/5).