Material and methods
This study was a sub-analysis of a national cross-sectional survey performed in 2019 among all the centres of the French national paediatric NIV/CPAP network, which gathers 28 paediatric university centres distributed among 24 cities (9). This sub-analysis focused on patients treated with CPAP or NIV for OSA-I or OSA-II, without any other comorbid condition. The detailed methodology of the survey has been published (9). In summary, all the centres filled in an anonymous questionnaire for every child aged ≤ 18 years treated since at least 3 months with CPAP or NIV on June the 1st, 2019. Some young adults aged 18-22 years who were still followed in these centres since childhood were also included. The questionnaire comprised the following information : date of birth, gender, primary and secondary diagnosis, investigations performed before CPAP/NIV initiation, parameters that led to the decision of CPAP/NIV treatment, CPAP/NIV duration, mean objective adherence to treatment during the last month obtained from the device built-in software, type of interface, and CPAP/NIV device. The study was approved by the local institutional board (Comité d’Ethique de Necker Enfants Malades, CENEM, n° CENEM19-5-BF) on March the 7th 2019, and all the patients aged > 6 years and all the parents gave their informed consent.
Comparisons between the patients with OSA-I and OSA-II were done using the t-test, or the Mann-Whitney test in case of non-parametric data. Comparisons of quantitative data were done using the chi-square test. Statistically significant difference was considered for a p value< 0.05.