8. Conclusions
Enhanced inflammatory response in the form of connective tissue sheaths
that surround the leads and their cardiac and vascular binding sites
very significantly affect the degree of TLE complexity, its efficacy
defined as clinical, procedural and radiological success and the
occurrence of major complications. Careful preoperative TEE evaluation
of the consequences of extended lead implant duration (enhanced fibrotic
response) by means of preoperative transesophageal echocardiography
increases the probability of predicting the level of TLE complexity, its
efficacy defined by clinical, procedural and radiological success and
the risk of major complications associated with TLE.
Acknowledgements: We would like to thank all doctors
participated in transvenous leads extraction procedures
Funding: This research did not receive any specific grant from
funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Disclosures: Authors declared none conflict of interest