Acknowledgements: Dr. Dayan would like to acknowledge Dr.
Ugochinyere Ukah for review of the manuscript and suggestions for model
refinement.
Disclosure of Interests: The authors declare they have no
conflicts of interest.
Contribution to Authorship: ND, AP and JGR designed the study
and interpreted analyses. ND wrote the manuscript. JL and JG assisted
with study design and cohort creation and performed data analyses. GDS
contributed to study design and data analysis interpretation. DBF, CL,
OB, and AP assisted with study design and data interpretation. All
authors revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual
content, approved the version to be published and agreed to be
accountable for all aspects of the work.
Detail of ethics approval: The use of data in this project was
authorized under section 45 of Ontario’s Personal Health Information
Protection Act, which does not require review by a Research Ethics
Board.
Funding: This study was supported by funding from the Canadian
Institutes of Health Research (grant number 15139). The funder had no
role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management,
analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or
approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for
publication. Dr. Dayan is supported by the Fondation de Recherche du
Québec – Santé (FRQS) Chercheur Boursier Clinicien award. This study
was also supported by ICES, which is funded by an annual grant from the
Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care (MOHLTC). Parts of this
material are based on data and information compiled and provided by
MOHLTC and CIHI. The analyses, conclusions, opinions and statements
expressed herein are solely those of the authors and do not reflect
those of the funding or data sources; no endorsement is intended or
should be inferred. This Study is based in part on data provided by
Better Outcomes Registry and Network (“BORN”), part of the Children’s
Hospital of Eastern Ontario. The interpretation and conclusions
contained herein do not necessarily represent those of BORN Ontario.