Discussion
The native PVIE is the least frequent presentation of IE. If IE is
suspected, a TEE is recommended for its correct assessment. TTE lacks
sensibility for PV disease evaluation, as the echocardiographic window
is poor. Pulmonary septic embolisms are infrequent and are usually
associated with right IE. To conclude, we can say that VP replacement is
an easily-reproducible surgical technique in adults, even though PVIE is
uncommon.