|
n (%) |
% |
OR (95% CI) |
P value |
% |
OR (95% CI) |
P value |
% |
OR (95% CI) |
P value |
Any maternal geohelminth
No
Yes
|
1048 (54.2)
885 (45.8)
|
6.2
7.0
|
1
1.14 (0.79-1.63)
|
0.478
|
8.2
7.6
|
1
0.92 (0.66-1.28)
|
0.606
|
16.8
12.2
|
1
0.69 (0.53-0.89)
|
0.005
|
Any childhood geohelminths
No
Yes
|
1054 (54.5)
879 (45.5)
|
6.7
6.4
|
1
0.94 (0.66-1.35)
|
0.747
|
8.4
7.4
|
1
0.88 (0.63-1.22)
|
0.439
|
16.4
13.0
|
1
0.75 (0.59-0.98)
|
0.034
|
Maternal age (yrs)
≤20
21-29
≥30
|
501 (25.9)
929 (48.1)
503 (26.0)
|
5.8
6.6
7.4
|
1
1.14 (0.72-1.80)
1.29 (0.78-2.14)
|
0.564
0.317
|
6.6
8.7
7.8
|
1
1.35 (0.89-2.06)
1.19 (0.74-1.93
|
0.157
0.474
|
13.8
14.0
16.9
|
1
(0.74-1.40)
1.27 (0.90-1.80)
|
0.908
0.170
|
Maternal ethnicity
Afro-Ecuadorian
Non-Afro-Ecuadorian
|
508 (26.3)
1425 (73.7)
|
7.7
6.2
|
1
0.79 (0.54-1.17)
|
0.242
|
11.8
6.5
|
1
0.52 (0.37-0.73)
|
<0.001
|
14.8
14.7
|
1
0.99 (0.75-1.32)
|
0.958
|
Maternal educational level
Illiterate
Complete primary
Complete Secondary
|
293 (15.2)
1133 (58.6)
507 (26.2)
|
5.5
6.2
8.2
|
1
1.14 (0.65-1.99)
1.52 (0.84-2.77)
|
0.646
0.167
|
8.2
7.3
9.1
|
1
0.89 (0.55-1.42)
1.12 (0.67-1.87)
|
0.616
0.671
|
14.7
13.7
17.0
|
1
0.92 (0.64-1.33)
1.19 (0.89-1.77)
|
0.661
0.397
|
Area of residence
Urban
Rural
|
1346 (69.6)
587 (30.4)
|
7.4
4.6
|
1
0.60 (0.39-0.93)
|
0.022
|
9.4
4.6
|
1
0.47 (0.30-0.72)
|
<0.001
|
15.5
13.0
|
1
0.81 (0.61-1.08)
|
0.153
|
Sex
Male
Female
|
984 (50.9)
949 (49.1)
|
7.9
5.2
|
1
0.63 (0.44-0.91)
|
0.015
|
8.7
7.1
|
1
0.79 (0.57-1.11)
|
0.172
|
16.5
12.9
|
1
0.75 (0.58-0.96)
|
0.025
|
Socioeconomic status§
1
2
3
|
642 (33.2)
638 (33.0)
653 (33.8)
|
6.2
5.6
7.8
|
1
0.90 (0.57-1.43)
1.28 (0.83-1.96)
|
0.656
0.267
|
7.8
7.2
8.7
|
1
0.92 (0.61-1.40)
1.13 (0.76-1.68)
|
0.695
0.539
|
13.4
14.0
16.7
|
1
1.05 (0.76-1.44)
1.30 (0.95-1.76)
|
0.773
0.098
|
Birth order
1st
2nd-4th
≥5th
|
490 (25.4)
1063 (55.0)
380 (19.6)
|
6.1
7.3
5.0
|
1
1.21 (0.79-1.88)
0.81 (0.45-1.46)
|
0.382
0.477
|
5.5
9.4
6.8
|
1
1.78 (1.15-2.76)
1.26 (0.72-2.20)
|
0.010
0.416
|
16.7
13.5
15.5
|
1
1.05 (0.76-1.44)
1.30 (0.95-1.76)
|
0.088
0.632
|
Maternal allergy
No
Yes
|
1830 (95.4)
89 (4.6)
|
6.3
12.4
|
1
2.10 (1.09-4.06)
|
0.027
|
7.7
14.6
|
1
2.06 (1.12-3.81)
|
0.020
|
14.4
18.0
|
1
1.30 (0.75-2.27)
|
0.355
|
Household overcrowding¶
≤3
>3
|
1086 (56.2)
847 (43.8)
|
6.5
6.6
|
1
1.01 (0.70-1.45)
|
0.948
|
7.6
8.4
|
1
1.12 (0.80-1.56)
|
0.502
|
15.6
13.6
|
1
0.85 (0.66-1.10)
|
0.222
|
Pets inside house
No
Yes
|
1438 (74.4)
495 (25.6)
|
6.3
7.3
|
1
1.16 (0.78-1.73)
|
0.465
|
7.7
8.7
|
1
1.15 (0.79-1.66)
|
0.461
|
14.5
15.2
|
1
1.05 (0.79-1.40)
|
0.738
|
Large farm animals‡
No
Yes
|
1294 (66.9)
639 (33.1)
|
7.0
5.8
|
1
0.82 (0.55-1.22)
|
0.331
|
8.0
7.7
|
1
0.95 (0.67-1.35)
|
0.778
|
15.8
12.5
|
1
0.76 (0.58-1.01)
|
0.058
|
Pneumonia to 13 months
No
Yes
|
1758 (95.3)
90 (4.7)
|
6.6
5.6
|
1
0.83 (0.33-2.09)
|
0.697
|
7.9
7.8
|
1
0.99 (0.45-2.18)
|
0.980
|
15.0
7.8
|
1
0.48 (0.22-1.04)
|
0.064
|