Morpholino nucleotides specifically blocked the splicing or translation of rapgef1 in zebrafish
RAPGEF1 is highly conserved through a multitude of species including zebrafish (Danio rerio ). The homologous gene of humanRAPGEF1 in zebrafish is rapgef1a (ENSDART00000139947.3). To simulate the function of human RAPGEF1 , we knocked down the expression of zebrafish rapgef1a by two morpholino nucleotides, targeting the proper splicing (E2I2-MO) and translation (ATG-MO) ofrapgef1a , respectively (Figure 3 (A)). The effectiveness of the E2I2-MO was confirmed by testing the presence of skipped exon 2 in the transcripts of morpholino-injected embryos 3 days after fertilization (Figure 3 (B)).