Pueraria lobata.
Figure 4. Survival rate, root length and ETR in stems of invasive plantMikania micrantha and three native plants after isolated culture for 20 days. Abbreviations: ETR, electron transport rate; Mm,Mikania micrantha ; Pn, Pharbitis nil ; Ps, Paederia scandens ; Pl, Pueraria lobata.
Figure 5. Change of morphology and stomatal behavior in stems ofMikania micrantha at day 20 of defoliation. (a, b) Change of the stem morphology after defoliation. (c, d) Stoma on the abaxial and adaxial side of leaves. (e, f) Stoma on stem surface of the control and treatment. (g) Internode length and diameter of the stem. (h) Anthocyanin content. (i-l) Stomatal density, length, width and conductance. Different letters above bars indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05). Abbreviations: ND, non-detected.
Figure 6. Change of chlorophyll pigments (a, b), soluble sugar (c), CO2 assimilation (d, e), electron transport rate (f) and D1 protein and Rubsico in stems of Mikania micrantha during the tress of defoliation. CO2 assimilation (e) and electron transport rate (f) were measured on at day 20 of defoliation. Different letters above bars indicate statistical significance (P< 0.05). Abbreviations: ETR, electron transport rate; Pnet, net photosynthesis; Rday, day respiration; Pgross, gross photosynthesis, PPFD, photosynthetic photon flux density.
Figure 7. Change of subcellular structure in stems of Mikania micrantha 20 days after defoliation. (a-f) Transmission electron microscope image of leaves, control stem and defoliation stem. (g-i) Change of length, width and lengh:width ratio in the stem after defoliation. Different letters above bars indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05). Abbreviations: CP, chloroplast; CW, cell wall; SG, starch grains.