Study design
Mice were randomly divided into 2 independent experiment studies, early
sepsis stage experiment and late sepsis stage experiment. Early sepsis
stage was defined as 3 days after CLP procedure and late sepsis stage
was defined as 6 days or more in terms of antibiotics recommendation in
sepsis and study design [4, 12, 13].
In early sepsis experiment, mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, as
followed: DE for de-escalation group, ES for escalation group, DNase+DE
for DNaseI+ de-escalation group, Sham group and Control group. In DE, ES
and DNase+DE group, imipenem (Merck & Co., New Jersey, USA)
(ip.,25mg/kg, twice a day), ceftriaxone (Pfizer, New York, USA)
(ip.,75mg/kg, twice a day) and imipenem (ip.,25mg/kg, twice a day) +
DNaseI (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, MA, USA )(ip.,5mg/kg, once a day) were
used during all 3 days after CLP procedure and no antibiotics or DNaseI
were used in control group. There was no CLP procedure for sham group.
Animal were euthanized at day 4 morning. Blood and organs were collected
for further analysis.
In late sepsis experiment, mice were randomly divided into 4 groups as
DE for de-escalation group, ES for escalation group, Sham group and
Control group. In the first 3 days, the antibiotics usage was the same
as the early sepsis experiment. At day 4 after CLP procedure,
ceftriaxone (ip.,75mg/kg, twice a day) was used in DE group while
imipenem (ip.,25mg/kg, twice a day) was used in ES group. Namely,
imipenem-initial and ceftriaxone-initial strategy were evaluated.
Animals were euthanized at day 7 morning. Blood and organs were
collected for further analysis.