Methods
The patients in the study population were divided into 2 groups. Group-1 was composed of patients who had undergone ESWL for proximal ureter stones before RIRS, and Group-2 was composed of patients who directly underwent RIRS without any prior ESWL. The clinical and demographic properties of the patients were analysed in the RIRSearch database. The operative outcomes, peroperative complications, postoperative complications, hospitalization time and the stone-free rates were compared between the groups.