Introduction
Post-infarction ventricular septal defect (PIVSD) is a rare and
devastating complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the
prevalence rate is <1%[1]. Even though the
patients get prompt medical management, the mortality rate is higher
than 90%[1-2]. Until recently, surgery repair as
a comprehensive applicant and a generally safe procedure is associated
with high morbidity and mortality (20-81%)[1,3].
On the contrary, medical therapy alone has a minimal survival rate of
less than 8% at 30 days [4] and less than 3% at
one year [1,2,4,5]. Even though the surgical
closure presents a modest improvement of mortality compared with medical
therapy, surgical intervention own self-limitations like restriction of
advanced age, multi perioperative morbidity and surgical expertise are
not readily available. It is suggested that the transcatheter closure
(TCC) of PIVSD as promising alternative management to cause the less
invasive and be recommended by authoritative national
guidelines[6-8]. Evolution of the timing of TCC
can be broadly categorized into 2 phases: The acute phase occurs within
the first two weeks after AMI, which is characterized by coagulation
necrosis and release of lytic enzymes from neutrophils resulting in
myocardial necrosis; The chronic phase begins after 3–4 weeks and is
characterized by fibrosis and scar formation around the edges of the
defect. To our knowledge, the actual benefits of TCC proposed for use in
the PIVSD remain uncertain. Moreover, the majority of clinical proof is
based on limited study sizes. We, therefore, systemically searched and
analyzed the available literature to provide physicians and patients an
objective estimate of the outcomes of TCC on PIVSD patients in the
current era.