Summary
Wheezing is a common outcome of preterm birth, and its mechanism in preterm children differs from that of asthma in term children. Risk factors for wheezing as well as factors associated with a lower risk of wheezing have been identified through multiple cohort studies of preterm infants and children. Despite the high prevalence of wheezing in the preterm population, there is little high-quality evidence to guide its treatment. Inhaled BDs improve lung function in preterm children, but the effect of ICS on preventing wheezing episodes is unclear. Further research is needed to develop better methods to predict wheezing risk in preterm infants and treatment to prevent episodes of wheezing.