CONCLUSION
FUPR measured by simple, safe, non invasive, easy to perform
ultrasonographic examination is yet underinvestigated. Reduced FUPR is
an early sign of reduced fetal renal blood flow which occur in FIRS in
PPROM. Further studies are required to substantiate our findings. In the
interim, the establishment of pathogenesis of FIRS in causing reduced
FUPR might open new avenues for early prediction of fetal inflammation
leading to adverse neonatal outcome and thereby timely intervention can
be taken to prevent such adverse outcomes.
Acknowledgements: We are deeply grateful to all
participants in the study and to hospital staff for their cooperation.
Disclosure of Interest: The authors declare that they
have no conflicts of interests.
Contribution to
Authorship: AJ recruited patients, performed the study and prepared
the initial draft of manuscript. RA conceptualised the study, analysed
the data and helped in manuscript preparation. NG helped in measuring
fetal urine production rate needed for the study. MM supervised the
laboratory assay of Interleukein-6 levels. PG preformed the
histopathological analysis of placental membranes. PB supervised
neonatal assessment needed for the study. RA helped in designing the
study.
Details of Ethics Approval: All the procedures performed
in this study on human participants were in accordance with the ethical
standards of the institutional research committee (IEC-HR/2018/36/76R,
dated 26/10/2018). Written Informed consent was obtained from all the
individual participants included in the study.
Funding: The study was funded solely by institutional
funds - Intramural grant from University College of Medical Sciences,
New Delhi, India.