metabolic engineering
Metabolic engineering of metabolic paths is most promising and the
newest path for volatile production. Metabolic engineering is the use of
genetic engineering to modify the metabolism of an organism to increase
the cells’ production of a certain substance [116, 149]. Metabolic
engineering, can produce the fragrance and flavors in much larger
quantities without need to the rare plant [117]. The use of
genetically engineered strains was first reported in 2010 when oil
extraction from Pogostemon cablin (Patchouli) was severely deficient.
Because it was reported that the rainy weather in Indonesia caused the
destruction of medicinal shrubs. Also, other natural problems, such as
volcanic eruptions and earthquakes exacerbate supply problems. As a
result, in order to solve these problems and supply shortages,
scientists began to engineer the genetics of the strains to produce the
fragrances of the Patchouli plant. In addition, fragrances of bitter
orange, grapefruit, rose and sandalwood were produced using genetically
modified. [150].
Table 7. Some of the volatile compounds produced by biotransformation of
plants or microorganisms