Cell cultures
It seems each cultured cell has all the genetic information of the
parent plant and therefore has the ability to produce a range of
chemicals found in the parent plant [8]. Through this culture, the
desired volatile compound can be prepared. Some plants are rare,
slow-growing or difficult to grow, so the in vitro under controlled
condition is expected to accelerate biomass propagation and provide the
essential oil [119]. The yield of this method is influenced by the
factors of nutrients and growth regulators of the culture medium such
as: sugar, nitrogen, phosphate, growth regulators, precursors and
suitable culture medium [120]. But the compounds obtained by this
method have low efficiency (0.01–0/1 g/l day.) [119]. The reason
for the reduction in the production of plant compounds by cell cultures
is not yet clear. [116]. So in general, this method does not seem to
be a promising method, even with effective agents.