Conclusion
Plant essential oils are natural and aromatic compounds that are found
in small amounts in plants and have many interesting applications as
flavors and fragrances in perfumery, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, food,
agriculture, industry and etc. Research on essential oils extraction
methods has aroused great interest for scientists. as evidenced in this
review, essential oils can be produced by various techniques including
conventional, novel and biotechnology methods. Novel or green methods
can be a good alternative to conventional methods due to their
advantages such as higher efficiency and quality, short extraction time,
non-degradable compounds due to heat, no pollution and etc. But due to
the problems that are observed in common and even new green methods,
including climate conditions, supply shortages, natural disasters, plant
diseases and etc. recently scientists have chosen biotechnology methods
for the preparation of natural compounds. In this method, in addition to
the fact that there are no problems of the other extraction methods,
finally, a high quality and efficient product is obtained. Production of
natural products and volatile through biotechnology can be an
appropriate response to consumer demand in relation to the consumption
of natural products and move towards ”green processes” and
environmentally friendly.