Approaches Type of Power Type of Centre Example
Approach 1
Economic and military capability States
US, China, Russia, Japan
Approach 2
Technological capability Research capacity Ability to disseminate knowledge and influence media Moral suasion Financial capability Legal authority International obligations NGOs IGOs Environmental epistemic community Regional agreements/ treaties Global agreements/treaties WWF United Nations Scientists, academics, volunteers OSPAR Convention BBNJ treaty
Approach 3
Authority and common understanding Spheres of authority Interaction between actors UN Global Pact The global market The Internet