Statistical analyses
Continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation and
compared using independent samples t-tests. Categorical variables were
expressed as frequencies and compared using chi-square tests. To examine
mortality, we divided our study population into 4 groups: 1)
COVID+ with ATA, 2)
COVID+ without ATA, 3)
COVID- with ATA, and 4)
COVID- without ATA. Individual logistic
regression models were constructed using the
COVID- without ATA group as the referent.
Models were adjusted for age, sex, race, body mass index, and clinical
characteristics that varied by COVID status (systolic heart failure,
diastolic heart failure, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease,
diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cirrhosis, and tobacco
use). All tests were two-tailed, and a P value <.05 (seta priori ) was considered statistically significant. All
statistical analyses and graphics creations were performed using SPSS
Statistics version 26 software (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) and GraphPad
Prism v. 7.0 (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, USA).