Effects of EA on pH, BE, admission to NICU, APGAR scores and perinatal mortality were tested with linear or logistic regression, respectively, as
appropriate. Propensity scores were used as covariates to adjust for potential risk factors (A). Duration and mode of delivery and episiotomy were
included in all models as further confounders (B). Due to missing values in the outcome variables, the absolute number of cases for the underlying
models differed between endpoints. In the logistic regressions, a positive effect estimate is understood as a higher chance of the endpoint to
happen, when EA is applied. In linear regressions, the effect estimates are the proposed mean changes in the end-point variable with EA being used.
BE, base excess; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; AS5<7, Apgar score after 5 minutes below 7.
†, 97.5% CI; *, 95% CI