Measurements of physicochemical properties
The physicochemical characteristics of soil and faeces samples were measured as the Zhao et al reported (Q. Zhao et al., 2019). The phyllosphere properties were measured by the similar methods after ultrasonic leaf washing with 50MHz and buffer elution with potassium phosphate buffer (Zhang et al., 2008). The gravimetric water content was determined as the moisture with oven-drying at 105 ℃ for 24 h; the pH was measured in the shaken soil water suspension with 1:2.5 soil: water ratio; total organic carbon (TOC) of samples was measured by a TOC5000A Analyzer (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan) (Q. Zhao et al., 2019); total phosphate (TP) was determined with the method as previous described (Brookes, Powlson, & Jenkinson, 1982); total carbon (TC) and nitrogen (TN) were analyzed with a Vario EL III Elemental Analyzer (Elementar, Hanau, Germany); C/N was calculated by the ratio value of TC and TN; NO3--N and NH4+-N of samples were determined by Continuous Flow Analyzer (AA3, SEAL analytical, Germany) (Z. B. Zhao et al., 2019).