Conclusion
In conclusion, this empirical study investigated the distribution and
migration of the microbiota among the biotopes of soil, phyllosphere and
faece through the systematic survey. Our findings demonstrated that the
type of biotopes led the microbial variation.
The
fungal richness of soil was the highest while the fungal and bacterial
richness of faeces was the lowest among the biotopes. All the biotopes
showed distinct microbiota as for β-diversity and composition. Soil
performed its potential of the microbial source of phyllosphere for
fungi, bacteria and archaea. However, only Ascomycota belonging to fungi
definitely migrated across all the three biotopes. This fungal migration
made the microbial network of the ecosystem less resilient but more
resistant. Overall, various biotopes of soil, phyllosphere and faeces
harboured microbiotas of distinct discrepancy while soil was the
microbial reservoir of phyllosphere, and the fungal migration linked all
the biotopes. This study provides new insight to clarify the connection
and interaction of the biotopes and better understand how to maintain
the stability and sustainable of ecosystems with the ongoing ecological
and environmental changes.