ERAS Elements Intervention Group (n = 72) Control Group (n = 72) P
Avoiding unnecessary MBP, Number (%) 48 (80.0) 38 (60.3) .017*
Intake of CHL, Number (%) 62 (88.6) 0 (0) < .001*
Preoperative analgesics, Number (%) 68 (94.4) 0 (0) < .001*
Total intravenous anesthesia, Number (%) 54 (75.0) 9 (12.5) < .001*
Intraoperative fluid infusion, mean ± SD, mL/h 580.5 ± 280.6 665.5 ± 352.7 .112
Lidocaine infusion, Number (%) 72 (100) 72 (100) 1.000
Ondansetron & dexamethasone, Number (%) 72 (100) 72 (100) 1.000
Avoiding drainage, Number (%) 71 (98.6) 68 (94.4) .366
Multimodal analgesia, Number (%) 67 (93.1) 3 (4.2) < .001*
Catheter retention duration, median (IQR), min 527.5 (140.0–762.5) 802.5 (686.3–1048.8) < .001§
Time to oral intake, median (IQR), min 485.0 (290.0–794.0) 940.0 (793.8–1195.0) < .001§
Time to ambulation, mean ± SD, min 578.9 ± 332.8 961.3 ± 250.4 < .001
Gum chewing, Number (%) 66 (91.7) 1 (1.4) < .001*
Laxatives, Number (%) 51 (70.8) 1(1.4) < .001*