Data collection and follow-up
Data were identified using diagnostic codes in billing records. Preoperative and postoperative clinical information was collected, including age; other general patient details; number of cesarean sections; history of menstrual conditions; position of the uterus; hemoglobin level on the first postoperative day; length of hospitalization; hospitalization cost; and CSD length, width, and depth; and the TRM. All patients were required to undergo examinations at 3- and 6-months after surgery to obtain information on menstruation, measure the CSD scar, and undergo MRI or TVS. Patients who failed to return in a timely manner were followed-up by telephone. Information was collected from patients by telephone who tried to become pregnant.