Introduction
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an important technology, which can be used for severe heart failure [1-2]. Since the first successful ECMO application in a newborn in 1975[3], more than 85,000 neonates treated with ECMO have been reported to extracorporeal life support organization (ELSO) nowadays. In China, ECMO has been practiced for two decades, but most patients are adults. As more children undergoing cardiac surgery may require ECMO support for cardio-respiratory failure[4],pediatric ECMO applications have increased and reported in recent years. However, among the numerous studies investigating the utility and risk factors associated with ECMO in pediatric cardiac patients, few specifically address patients with neonate heart disease. In this study, we conducted a retrospective review of neonates who undergone ECMO at Shanghai Children’s Medical Center (SCMC) and summarized the clinical application of ECMO in treatment of heart failure after neonatal cardiac surgery.