Main findings
In this cross-section study we demonstrated that Firmicutes was the most common phylum and Lactobacillus was the most common genus in the bladders of adult women with OAB; However, there were significant differences in the composition of bladder microflora in patients with different degrees of OAB. The two groups with different severity of OAB symptom have different urotypes. In addition, with the increase of the severity of OAB, the diversity and richness of bladder flora increased. And several specific genera, including Flavobacterium ,Bosea , Campylobacter , Porphyromonas ,Prevotella , Ezakiella , Bacillus and Massiliaare associated with different OAB sub-symptoms. These findings suggest that the diversity, presence, or absence of certain bacteria may play a key role in the pathophysiology of OAB.