Statistical analysis
All data are expressed as a mean±SD. The inducing rate of arrhythmia was compared using the chi-square test. The comparison of TGF-β, p-ERK1/2, MMP-9, and AT-1R as well as VERP, LVEDV,LVESV,LVSV, and LVEF values before and after treatment were evaluated using a repeated measure variance analysis. A P- value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
As 12h of LL-ES generally showed negative results, the data is not presented below.
Effect of LL-ES of ARVGP on the inducing rate of arrhythmia
At baseline, there are no significant differences among the three groups (P =1.0).After 1 w of treatment, atrial and ventricular arrhythmic episodes were initiated a total of 8 times in the control group including 4 events of atrial tachycardia, 2 of atrial fibrillation, 1of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia lasting 30-60 sec, and 1of persistent ventricular tachycardia over 5min that caused hemodynamic instability and received electrical conversion. The inducing rate was calculated as 80 %( P =0.71 n=10, Figure 2) compared with baseline. After drug administration for 1w, arrhythmic episodes decreased to 6 events (3 of atrial tachycardia, 2 of atrial fibrillation, and 1 of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia about 7 sec). The inducing rate was 60% (P =0.15, n=10, Figure 2) compared with baseline. However, after 1 w of LL-ES of ARVGP, the number of arrhythmic episodes dropped significantly to only 1 event of atrial tachycardia. The inducing rate decreased to 10% (P =0.003 vs. baseline, P =0.009 vs. drug group, n=10, Figure 2).