Clinical perspectives
As described in Yu et al. [18], non-invasive approaches that were
applied clinically to treat HF or AF claimed that the incidence of
reperfusion-related ventricular arrhythmia was significantly attenuated
by LL-ES of the right tragus. Their study [19] also reported that a
stimulator could be implanted through minimally invasive surgery to
modulate cardiac sympathetic ganglia and monitored using a mobile phone
with Bluetooth to achieve non-invasive and reversible regulation of the
cardiac sympathetic nerves. Therefore, ARVGP could potentially be
modified via this implantable stimulator. Any clinical application
considerations should be based on true long-term data. Though long-term
data can be challenging to collect in an open chest canine model,
long-term LL-ES may be applied in humans, since the thoracoscopic
approach is an easy way to perform LL-ES of ARVGP. Therefore, patients
suffering from HF and associated arrhythmias should expect to have
better treatment in the future.