Purpose: To investigate the effect of mirabegron 50 mg/daily for JJ stent-related symptoms after ureteroscopic stone surgery. Methods: Medical records of 145 patients who were given a single daily oral dose of 50 mg of mirabegron for relieving stent-related symptoms were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic and clinical data and stone parameters were recorded. All participants completed the Turkish version of the Ureter Symptom Score Questionnaire (USSQ-T) on the postoperative seventh day, and again after at least three weeks, before JJ stent removal. The severity of stent-related symptoms was statistically compared before and after the mirabegron treatment. Results: The mean urinary symptoms score decreased significantly from 30.87 ± 9.43 to 22.61 ± 6.78 (p < 0.0001), mean body pain score decreased significantly from 21.82 ± 11.22 to 14.03 ± 7.52 (p < 0.0001), mean work performance score decreased from 10.50 ± 8.61 to 7.02 ± 6.51 (p < 0.0001), and mean general health score decreased significantly from 15.43 ± 6.50 to 11.12 ± 3.70 (p < 0.0001). The mean sexual matters score significantly decreased from 3.88 ± 3.40 to 2.48 ± 2.03 (p < 0.0001), the additional problem score decreased from 9.31 ± 4.61 to 6.51 ± 2.83 (p < 0.0001), and the overall quality of life (QoL) score decreased from 5.18 ± 1.94 to 4.23 ± 1.71 after mirabegron use (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Daily use of 50g of mirabegron significantly improved stent-related symptoms, sexual matters, and quality of life.

Abstract Objective: To evaluate whether smoking cessation has an effect on female sexual function and quality of life. Methodology: After approval by the local ethics committee, smoking and non-smoking female participants were included in the study and all participants filled the female sexual function index (FSFI) and the short form 36 (SF-36). The same questionnaires were filled again at the 9th month control after smoking cessation. The scores of these questionnaires were compared between the groups. In addition, the FSFI and SF-36 scores of the participants in the smoking group were also compared with the scores at the 9th month after smoking cessation. Results: The rate of FSD was significantly higher in the smoking group when compared with control group (86.0% vs 32.5%; p<0,001). The FSFI total and sub domains score was significantly lower in the smoking group when compared control group [21.5 (min:14.4-max:28.69) and 28.9 (min:17.7-max:32.8); p<0.001 respectively]. The rate of FSD was significantly decreased after nine months smoking cessation (86% to 35.1%; p<0.001). After smoking cessation significant improvements on FSFI total and sub-domain scores and SF-36 sub-domain scores were determined. Conclusion: In this study, it was shown that smoking negatively affected FSD and QOL when compared to healthy non-smoking women, and smoking cessation caused significant improvements in FSFI and SF-36 scores in these women after 9 months. Keywords: female sexual dysfunction, female sexual function index, smoking cessation, the Short Form 36, quality of life.

Objective: To present a nation-wide analysis of the workload of urology departments in Turkey week-by-week during Covid-19 pandemic. Methodology: The centers participating in the study were divided into three groups as tertiary referral centers, state hospitals and private practice hospitals. The number of outpatients, inpatients, daily interventions and urological surgeries were recorded prospectively between 9-March-2020 and 31-May-2020. All these variables were recorded for the same time interval of 2019 as well. The weekly change of the workload of urology during pandemic period was evaluated; also the workload of urology and the distributions of certain urological surgeries were compared between the pandemic period and the same time interval of the year 2019. Results: A total of 51 centers participated in the study. The number of outpatients, inpatients, urological surgeries and daily interventions were found to be dramatically decreased by the third week of pandemics in state hospitals and tertiary referral centers; however the daily urological practice were similar in private practice hospitals throughout the pandemic period. When the workload of urology in pandemic period and the same time interval of the year 2019 were compared; a huge decrease was observed in all variables during pandemic period. However, temporary measures like ureteral stenting, nephrostomy placement and percutaneous cystostomy have been found to increase during Covid-19 pandemic compared to normal life. Conclusions: Covid-19 pandemic significantly effected the routine daily urological practice likewise other subspecialties and priority was given to emergent and non-deferrable surgeries by urologists in concordance with published clinical guidelines.

Objective: To identify pathophysiological mechanisms of nocturia and the correlation of these mechanisms with nocturia severity. Methodology: After approval by the local ethics committee, all patients with nocturia (≥1 nocturnal void/night) were included and filled the overactive bladder questionnaire (OABq), nocturia quality of life (N-QoL), ICIQ-MLUTS (male), ICIQ-FLUTS (female) and 3-day frequency-volume chart. Patients were divided into three groups according the severity of nocturia: group 1 consisted of patients with mild (1-2 voids/night), group 2 with moderate (3-4 voids/night) and group 3 with severe nocturia (>4 voids/night). Comparative analysis were performed between groups, p<0.05 was deemed as statistically significant. Results: 68.1%, 64.1% and 8.7% of the patients had nocturnal polyuria, reduced bladder capacity and global polyuria; respectively. 42.7% of the patients had mixed nocturia. 6.1% of the patients did not comply with the afore-mentioned subtypes and defined as isolated nocturia. Regarding the severity of nocturia; 155 (41%) patients had mild, 167 (45%) patients had moderate and 57 (15%) patients had severe nocturia. Increased nocturia severity was related with decreased quality of life; higher age, urinary tract symptom scores, nocturnal urine volume, evening fluid consumption and beta-blocker medication rates. Increased nocturia severity was also associated with higher nocturnal polyuria, global polyuria and reduced bladder capacity rates. Conclusions: Nocturia mechanisms may vary between mild and moderate to severe nocturia groups according to the present study. Nocturia grading with identification of subtypes may help for better standardization of the diagnostic and treatment approaches as well as for the design of future clinical trials.