Trans-oral approach N = 30 Trans-nasal approach N = 30 P
Gender n (%)
Male 26 (86.7) 27 (90.0) 0.688
Female 4 (13.3) 3 (10.0)
Age in years, mean (SD) 63.8 (11.8) 63.9 (11.8) 1.000
Main complaint n (%)
Dysphonia 24 (80.0) 24 (80.0) 0.475
Dysphagia 3 (10.0) 5 (16.7)
Dysphagia and otalgia 2 (6.7) 0 (0.0)
Nasal bleeding 1 (3.3) 1 (3.3)
Smoker n (%) 25 (83.3) 23 76.7) 0.519
Cause of referral for biopsy n (%)
Laryngeal mass 25 (83.3) 24 (80.0) 0.736
Post cricoid mass 1 (3.3) 3 (10.0)
Pharyngeal mass 3 (10.0) 2 (6.6)
Vallecular lymph node 1 (3.3) 1 (3.3)
Visualization n (%)
Trans-nasal 29 (96.7) 29 (96.7) 1.000
Trans-oral 1 (3.3) 1 (3.3)
Anesthesia n (%)
Trans-cricothyroid injection of xylocaine 19 (63.3) 17 (56.7) 0.835
Oral Xylocaine spray anesthesia through long straw 7 (23.3) 9 (30.0)
Trans-nasal injection through instrumental channel 4 (13.3) 4 (13.3)
Time of office-based biopsy in minutes, mean (SD) 7.9 (1.6) 9.3 (3.6) 0.051
Number of obtained biopsies, mean (SD) 3.7 (1.0) 3.1 (0.9) 0.013
Size of obtained biopsies n (%)
0.4 1 (3.3) 3 (10.0) 0.574
0.5 19 (63.3) 17 (56.7)
1.0 10 (33.3) 10 (33.3)
Results of histopathological examination n (%)
Inflammatory cells (no malignancy) 1 (3.3) 17 (56.7) < 0.001
Squamous cell carcinoma 24 (80.0) 6 (20.0)
Dysplasia (not malignant) 4 (13.3) 4 (13.3)
Papilloma (no malignancy) 1 (3.3) 3 (10.0)