Results
To investigate links between metabolic potential and genes associated
with survival strategies across extreme temperature and geochemical
gradients of the Deception Island volcano, we analyzed the metagenomes
of a total of eighteen samples, comprising fumaroles with temperatures
of 98 oC, 80 oC, 50oC, and 10 oC, and glaciers with
temperatures around 0 oC. Shotgun sequencing of
community genomic DNA on 3 lanes of Illumina HiSeq2000 produced a total
of 567,410,264 paired-end reads, within which 475,895,996 were filtered
by quality (Q>30) for further analyses. A total of
162,755,88 reads were taxonomically annotated as Bacteria, 3,680,020 as
Archaea, 2,094,916 as Eukarya and 79,111 as viruses (Supplementary Table
2). The total number of proteins predicted in reads were 296,818,692
(62.3%). Relative abundances of the detected genes were used to compare
the metabolic potential and genes related to survival strategies under
environmental extremes among fumaroles and glaciers samples.
De novo assemblies of the quality-filtered reads generated a
total of 543,945 contigs. The prediction of ORFs resulted in 1,396,820
putative genes, 353,731 assigned within Bacteria, 12,034 within Archaea,
and 1,557 and 1,534 within Eukarya and viruses, respectively. We used
different databases for assembly annotation through JGI/IMG that
resulted in 487 putative 16S rRNA genes, 842,798 genes based on the COG
database and 304,173 genes based on KEGG (Supplementary Table 2).