Introduction:
Temozolomide, an alkylating agent, is a chemotherapeutic drug used mainly in GBM (1). It was approved for use by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2005 (2). Since then, it is being used globally in patients with GBM to reduce disease progression. TMZ is used initially with radiotherapy for six weeks (concurrent chemo-radiotherapy-CRT) and subsequently alone as maintenance chemotherapy. The first maintenance therapy cycle typically starts 28 days after chemo-radiotherapy (CRT). The first cycle dose is 150 mg/m2 and 200 mg/m2 for subsequent cycles (3). Like any chemotherapy agent, TMZ is associated with multiple side effects, one of which is hematological toxicity (1). Aplastic anemia is an emerging adverse effect of TMZ (2,4-11). The crucial observation about AA secondary to TMZ is its irreversible and dose-independent nature (2,4-8). We have summarized the cases reported in the literature and analyzed them for the patients’ age and sex, time of diagnosis of AA after initiation of TMZ therapy and the nature of AA. We have also reported a case of AA secondary to Temozolamide with characteristics in keeping with most reported cases.